Tuskegee Airmen at the Aircraft Exchange ceremony July 26, 2023 where the PT-17 Stearman was inducted into the National Museum of the Air Force at Wright-Patterson AFB in Ohio. Source: Wikimedia Commons
Veterans Day which is celebrated on November 11 has remained an important time in the history of the United States of America. The day is set aside in memorial to the members of the United States Armed Forces whose bravery, sacrifice, and dedication in defending the nation is remembered and honored.
An emotional and significant day, it recognizes the countless heroes who have not only selflessly served the country but have also done so while risking their lives or paying the ultimate sacrifice.
History – The Unknown Soldier
The Treaty of Versailles which was signed on June 28, 1919, between the Allied nations and Germany marked the end of World War 1. The war which was also referred to as “The Great War” had come to a cessation of hostilities due to a temporary armistice that came into place on the 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th month of the previous year (1918) which was then recognized as armistice day.
In 1921, the burial of an unknown soldier from World War 1 at the Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia was done to commemorate Armistice Day. Similar burial ceremonies were performed on the same day in countries like England, France, Italy, and Portugal in remembrance of soldiers who had lost their lives. In 1938, November 11th became an official national holiday through a congressional resolution. It was dedicated as a day to promote “the cause of world peace and to be celebrated and known as “Armistice Day.” (Website of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs).
Subsequently, with the outbreak and end of World War 2, a bill was proposed that would change Armistice Day to Veterans Day. By 1954, President Eisenhower signed a bill from Congress declaring November 11 as Veterans Day which has now become a national annual holiday.
The day is not only a time to pay tribute to those who have risked their lives to protect the freedom the country currently enjoys, but it also holds significant importance in teaching all generations the importance of sacrifice in protecting the values that uphold the dignity of our shared humanity.
The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery. Source: Wikimedia Commons
Contribution of Black Veterans
Throughout the wars fought by the U.S., Black veterans have always played a significant role and contributed to the victories despite the many challenges and discrimination they have had to overcome.
Whether it be the Civil War to present-day conflicts, these brave men and women continue to play crucial roles in defending and preserving the nation’s freedom.
It is on record that nearly 5000 Blacks soldiers served during the American War of Independence. Serving in the Continental Army and Navy, they constantly proved their valor despite facing discrimination and being underappreciated.
The same courage was manifested during the Civil War. Black soldiers formed battalions that were sent to face the Confederate Army. With an uncommon resolve, they fought bravely and contributed to securing the Union’s victory which gave birth to the emancipation of enslaved Black people.
Throughout other ensuing conflicts, Black veterans continued to face several challenges such as racial discrimination and segregation, but despite these obstacles, they have continued to remain an example of courage, bravery, and resilience. The Tuskegee Airmen which were a group of Black pilots in World War II, is a testament to the reputation of the Black veterans.
Black soldier during the Civil War, c.1863. Source: Wikimedia Commons
Obstacles Faced by Black Veterans
The impact of war often takes its toll on Black veterans who have transitioned to civilian life. They are likely to face a higher rate of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and mental health issues as a result of systemic racism, cultural stigma, and lack of resources. This disparity and lack of proper care opens the door to higher suicide rates among Black veterans.
Reports have also shown that Black veterans face disparities such as access to quality healthcare, high rates of homelessness, unemployment, and discrimination when seeking VA services.
Organizations such as The National Association for Black Veterans (NABVETS) and Black Veterans for Social Justice continue to provide support and resources by addressing the disparities in housing, healthcare, education, and employment faced by Black veterans. Such advocacy has given rise to the Equal Employment Opportunity Program which is a policy of the Federal government to provide equal opportunity in employment to all individuals regardless of race, color, religion, gender, national origin, disability, or age. (Executive Order 11478–Equal Employment Opportunity in the Federal Government) Now, organizations such as the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) are doing more to cultivate an inclusive work environment by offering equal treatment opportunities for Black veterans. While it is important to honor our veterans, we must not lose sight that they still encounter obstacles through systemic discrimination. Raising awareness of these challenges and continued advocacy for change can ensure that a more equitable opportunity is open to all Veterans irrespective of race.
Okechukwu Nzeribe works with the Onitsha Chamber of Commerce, in Anambra State, Nigeria, and loves unveiling the richness of African cultures. nextquestservices@gmail.com
